Environmental Education and Sustainability (314301) Unit 3 Set 1

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Unit – III Ecosystem and Biodiversity

3.1 Ecosystem – Definition, Aspects of ecosystem, Division of ecosystem, General characteristics of ecosystem, Functions of ecosystem
3.2 Biodiversity – Definitions, Levels, Value, and loss of biodiversity
3.3 Biodiversity Assessment Initiatives in India
3.4 SWOT analysis of biodiversity hot spot in India
3.5 Conservations of biodiversity – objects, and laws for conservation of biodiversity

SET 1

QUIZ START

#1. Which of the following is NOT a component of an ecosystem?

Biotic factors

Abiotic factors

Solar energy

Only human-made structures

#2. Which of the following is an example of a producer in an ecosystem?

Rabbit

Grass

Hawk

Fungus

#3. The transfer of energy in an ecosystem is shown by:

Food chain

Nitrogen cycle

Carbon cycle

Hydrological cycle

#4. Which term describes the role of an organism in its environment including how it gets its energy and nutrients?

Habitat

Niche

Community

Population

#5. What is the main source of energy for most ecosystems on Earth?

Soil

Water

The Sun

Wind

#6. Which of the following is an example of a primary consumer?

Grasshopper

Owl

Snake

Deer

#7. What is the process by which plants use sunlight to produce food?

Respiration

Transpiration

Photosynthesis

Decomposition

#8. Which of the following is a limiting factor in an ecosystem?

Sunlight

Temperature

Water

All of the above

#9. In an ecosystem decomposers:

Eat primary consumers

Break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients

Produce energy through photosynthesis

Are at the top of the food chain

#10. What does biodiversity refer to?

The variety of ecosystems in a region

The variety of species, genetic variation and ecosystems

The number of individuals in a population

The food chains within an ecosystem

#11. Which of the following is a major threat to biodiversity?

Natural disasters

Habitat destruction

Seasonal changes

Wind patterns

#12. Which of the following ecosystems has the highest biodiversity?

Deserts

Grasslands

Rainforests

Tundras

#13. What is the term for the variety of genes within a species?

Species diversity

Genetic diversity

Ecosystem diversity

Functional diversity

#14. The loss of biodiversity can lead to:

A decrease in ecosystem stability

Increased availability of resources

A more diverse food web

Reduced competition among species

#15. Which of the following activities is most likely to contribute to the loss of biodiversity?

Sustainable farming practices

Deforestation

Renewable energy production

Ecotourism

#16. The conservation of biodiversity is important because:

It increases the availability of oxygen

It ensures the survival of specific species only

It contributes to ecosystem services like pollination, water purification and soil fertility

It reduces global warming

#17. What is the main cause of the current global decline in biodiversity?

Climate change

Pollution

Overexploitation of resources

Habitat destruction due to human activities

#18. Which of the following is the primary national body responsible for biodiversity conservation in India?

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)

Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)

Wildlife Protection Society of India (WPSI)

Forest Survey of India (FSI)

#19. Which project is responsible for the National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP) in India?

Green India Mission

National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)

Global Environment Facility (GEF)

National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG)

#20. The “Biodiversity Hotspots in India” initiative is aimed at conserving which type of biodiversity?

Endemic species

Aquatic biodiversity

Forest biodiversity

Terrestrial biodiversity

#21. Which of the following is a significant biodiversity assessment initiative in India that focuses on the documentation and conservation of species?

National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)

All India Coordinated Research Project on Biodiversity

Botanical Survey of India (BSI)

Indian Meteorological Department (IMD)

#22. The State of India’s Birds report is an important biodiversity assessment initiative which is published by which organization?

BirdLife International

Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS)

Wildlife Institute of India (WII)

World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)

#23. The “Indian Biodiversity Information System” (IBIS) is an online platform that helps in the documentation of biodiversity in India. Which organization is responsible for its maintenance?

Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE)

National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)

Wildlife Institute of India (WII)

Botanical Survey of India (BSI)

#24. What is the objective of the “India State of Forest Report” (ISFR)?

To monitor the conservation of marine biodiversity

To assess the forest area and biodiversity status in India

To promote forest-based industries

To develop forest conservation policies

#25. Which national initiative was launched to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity particularly in the context of ecosystems?

Swachh Bharat Mission

Green India Mission

National River Conservation Plan

National Mission for Clean Ganga

#26. Which international agreement has India been a part of that involves biodiversity conservation through country-level assessments?

Kyoto Protocol

Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

Paris Climate Agreement

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

#27. The “Wildlife Protection Act” of 1972 was a significant initiative for biodiversity conservation in India. Which of the following is its major objective?

To regulate the use of water resources

To protect endangered species and their habitats

To monitor air quality levels

To establish forest reserves

#28. What does “SWOT” stand for in a SWOT analysis?

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats

Strengths, Water, Opportunities, Time

Safety, Work, Order, Techniques

Systematic, Weak, Organized, Treatment

#29. Which of the following is a strength in the biodiversity hotspots of India?

High levels of endemism and rich biodiversity

Lack of ecological preservation policies

Over-exploitation of natural resources

High levels of urbanization

#30. Which of the following is a key weakness in the biodiversity hotspots in India?

Strict wildlife protection laws

Limited public awareness about biodiversity conservation

High conservation funding

Abundant natural resources

#31. An opportunity for biodiversity hotspots in India includes:

Increased tourism and eco-tourism opportunities

Over-exploitation of species

Habitat destruction due to urbanization

Encroachment of forests for agriculture

#32. What is a major threat to biodiversity hotspots in India?

Habitat destruction due to deforestation and urbanization

Increased biodiversity education

Development of protected areas

High investment in sustainable agriculture

#33. The Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot is known for:

High levels of industrial development

Large-scale agricultural production

Rich biodiversity and many endemic species

Lack of species endemism

#34. Which of the following is a potential opportunity for conservation in India’s biodiversity hotspots?

Establishing more national parks and protected areas

Increasing logging activities in protected forests

Promoting monoculture farming in forested regions

Reducing government involvement in conservation efforts

#35. Which of the following is a weakness of biodiversity hotspots like the Eastern Himalayas?

High rate of illegal poaching and wildlife trafficking

Successful implementation of conservation projects

Diverse range of tourism options

Stable local populations of endangered species

#36. Which of the following is a strength of the biodiversity hotspots in Indiaâ€™s Northeast region?

High levels of biodiversity and endemic species

Deforestation and habitat loss

Over-exploitation of water resources

Low level of government involvement in conservation

#37. A major threat to biodiversity in India’s hotspots such as the Sundarbans is:

The spread of invasive species

Increased protection of wildlife corridors

Reduced water scarcity

Over-exploitation of forest resources for sustainable harvesting

#38. What is the primary objective of biodiversity conservation?

To protect endangered species only

To maintain ecological balance and ensure the survival of species

To increase human population

To promote industrial growth

#39. Which of the following laws in India is specifically designed to protect wildlife and biodiversity?

Forest Rights Act 2006

The Wildlife Protection Act 1972

The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010

The Indian Forest Act, 1927

#40. The National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP) of India was launched to:

Increase agricultural production

Conserve and sustainably use biodiversity

Promote industrial development

Reduce pollution

#41. Which of the following is NOT a major objective of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)?

The fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources

To maintain and protect ecosystems and habitats

To promote the use of biotechnology for all purposes

To conserve biodiversity at the global level

#42. Which Indian law specifically addresses the issue of forest and wildlife conservation?

The Forest Conservation Act, 1980

The Environment Protection Act, 1986

The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972

All of the above

#43. The ‘National Wildlife Action Plan’ (NWAP) aims to:

Increase industrialization

Provide more land for farming

Conserve wildlife and their habitats

Promote tourism and entertainment in protected areas

#44. Which of the following is a primary focus of the Biological Diversity Act in India?

To encourage the exploitation of natural resources

To conserve the biological diversity of India and regulate access to genetic

To encourage the exploitation of natural resources

To promote deforestation for industrial purposes

#45. The primary purpose of establishing ‘Biosphere Reserves’ in India is to:

Increase tourism in the region

Conserve biodiversity and promote sustainable use of natural resources

Promote urbanization

Focus on agricultural development

#46. Which of the following is NOT a method used in biodiversity conservation?

Establishing protected areas like national parks and wildlife sanctuaries

Promoting sustainable land-use practices

Encouraging the introduction of non-native species into ecosystems

Conducting wildlife surveys and monitoring

#47. Which of the following is an example of an international law for biodiversity conservation?

Kyoto Protocol

Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

Paris Agreement

UN Framework Convention on Climate Change

#48. What is the correct definition of a food chain?

A network of interconnected food webs

A linear sequence of organisms where each is eaten by the next in the chain

The process of energy transfer through photosynthesis

A cycle of nutrient recycling in an ecosystem

#49. In a food web which organism is most likely to be at the top of the pyramid of energy?

Producers

Primary consumers

Secondary consumers

Tertiary consumers

#50. Which of the following best describes a food web?

A complex network of interconnected food chains

A simple one-way path of energy transfer

Only the path of energy transfer from producers to primary consumers

The movement of energy from one species to another in the same trophic level

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Unit – III Ecosystem and Biodiversity

SET 1

#1. Which of the following is NOT a component of an ecosystem?

#2. Which of the following is an example of a producer in an ecosystem?

#3. The transfer of energy in an ecosystem is shown by:

#4. Which term describes the role of an organism in its environment including how it gets its energy and nutrients?

#5. What is the main source of energy for most ecosystems on Earth?

#6. Which of the following is an example of a primary consumer?

#7. What is the process by which plants use sunlight to produce food?

#8. Which of the following is a limiting factor in an ecosystem?

#9. In an ecosystem decomposers:

#10. What does biodiversity refer to?

#11. Which of the following is a major threat to biodiversity?

#12. Which of the following ecosystems has the highest biodiversity?

#13. What is the term for the variety of genes within a species?

#14. The loss of biodiversity can lead to:

#15. Which of the following activities is most likely to contribute to the loss of biodiversity?

#16. The conservation of biodiversity is important because:

#17. What is the main cause of the current global decline in biodiversity?

#18. Which of the following is the primary national body responsible for biodiversity conservation in India?

#19. Which project is responsible for the National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP) in India?

#20. The “Biodiversity Hotspots in India” initiative is aimed at conserving which type of biodiversity?

#21. Which of the following is a significant biodiversity assessment initiative in India that focuses on the documentation and conservation of species?

#22. The State of India’s Birds report is an important biodiversity assessment initiative which is published by which organization?

#23. The “Indian Biodiversity Information System” (IBIS) is an online platform that helps in the documentation of biodiversity in India. Which organization is responsible for its maintenance?

#24. What is the objective of the “India State of Forest Report” (ISFR)?

#25. Which national initiative was launched to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity particularly in the context of ecosystems?

#26. Which international agreement has India been a part of that involves biodiversity conservation through country-level assessments?

#27. The “Wildlife Protection Act” of 1972 was a significant initiative for biodiversity conservation in India. Which of the following is its major objective?

#28. What does “SWOT” stand for in a SWOT analysis?

#29. Which of the following is a strength in the biodiversity hotspots of India?

#30. Which of the following is a key weakness in the biodiversity hotspots in India?

#31. An opportunity for biodiversity hotspots in India includes:

#32. What is a major threat to biodiversity hotspots in India?

#33. The Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot is known for:

#34. Which of the following is a potential opportunity for conservation in India’s biodiversity hotspots?

#35. Which of the following is a weakness of biodiversity hotspots like the Eastern Himalayas?

#36. Which of the following is a strength of the biodiversity hotspots in Indiaâ€™s Northeast region?

#37. A major threat to biodiversity in India’s hotspots such as the Sundarbans is:

#38. What is the primary objective of biodiversity conservation?

#39. Which of the following laws in India is specifically designed to protect wildlife and biodiversity?

#40. The National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP) of India was launched to:

#41. Which of the following is NOT a major objective of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)?

#42. Which Indian law specifically addresses the issue of forest and wildlife conservation?

#43. The ‘National Wildlife Action Plan’ (NWAP) aims to:

#44. Which of the following is a primary focus of the Biological Diversity Act in India?

#45. The primary purpose of establishing ‘Biosphere Reserves’ in India is to:

#46. Which of the following is NOT a method used in biodiversity conservation?

#47. Which of the following is an example of an international law for biodiversity conservation?

#48. What is the correct definition of a food chain?

#49. In a food web which organism is most likely to be at the top of the pyramid of energy?

#50. Which of the following best describes a food web?

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Keep Going

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