2.1 Implement basic operators in Python.

In Python, operators are special symbols or keywords that carry out operations on values and python variables. They serve as a basis for expressions, which are used to modify data and executecomputations. Python contains several operators, each with its unique purpose.

Types of Python Operators: Python language supports various types of operators, which are:

1. Arithmetic Operators
2. Logical Operators
3. Comparison (Relational) Operators
4. Conditional operators
5. Bitwise Operators

1. Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc. For example,

Example 1: Arithmetic Operators in Python

a = 2
b = 2

# addition
print ('Sum: ', a + b)  
# subtraction
print ('Subtraction: ', a - b)   

# multiplication
print ('Multiplication: ', a * b)  

a=4
b=2
# division
print ('Division: ', a / b) 
a=13
b=3
# floor division
print ('Floor Division: ', a // b)
a=7
b=2
# modulo
print ('Modulo: ', a % b)  

a=2
b=4
# a to the power b
print ('Power: ', a ** b)

OUTPUT

Sum:  4
Subtraction:  0
Multiplication:  4
Division:  2.0
Floor Division:  4
Modulo:  1
Power:  16
=== Code Execution Successful ===

2. Python Logical Operators

Example 2: Logical Operators

# logical AND
print(True and True)     # True
print(True and False)    # False

# logical OR
print(True or False)     # True

# logical NOT
print(not True)          # False

True
False
True
False

=== Code Execution Successful ===

3. Relational Operators

Example 3: Relational Operators

a = 2
b = 4

# equal to operator
print('a == b =', a == b)

# not equal to operator
print('a != b =', a != b)

# greater than operator
print('a > b =', a > b)

# less than operator
print('a < b =', a < b)

# greater than or equal to operator
print('a >= b =', a >= b)

# less than or equal to operator
print('a <= b =', a <= b)

OUTPUT

a == b = False
a != b = True
a > b = False
a < b = True
a >= b = False
a <= b = True

=== Code Execution Successful ===

4. Conditional Operators (Ternary Operators)

In Python, Ternary Operator determines if a condition is true or false and then returns the appropriate value as the result.

Syntax: true_value if condition else false_value

# Program to demonstrate ternary operator
a = 5
b = -20

# python ternary operator
large = "a is largest" if a > b else "b is largest"

print(large)

OUTPUT:
a is largest

5. Bitwise Operators

Python bitwise operators are used to perform bitwise calculations on integers. The integers are first converted into binary and then operations are performed on each bit or corresponding pair of bits, hence the name bitwise operators. The result is then returned in decimal format.